Patrick Palmer talked about careers in advertising on Thursday at the Minor Myers, jr. Welcome Center (1211 Park St., Bloomington).   Palmer, who was a history major at IWU, is currently a partner at VSA Partners in Chicago.   He began his career in account planning at Rubin Postaer and Associates in Santa Monica as the strategic leader for the Honda automobiles account.   He has also worked at prestigious advertising agencies such as Cramer-Krasselt, Euro RSCG Tatham and Leo Burnett.